Vanilla weather has three settings and none of them is an event. Rain starts, rain stops, and nothing has happened. Tempest adds weather that happens to you.
SEVEN KINDS OF WEATHER
Great storm. Rain turned up until it is worth staying indoors: a black sky, lightning every few seconds landing near enough to hear the crack, and a wind that leans on you hard enough to change where you were walking.
Tornado. A funnel that walks across the land, about a block a second, leaning back toward you when it drifts too far off. Everything loose inside it is dragged in and lifted. It takes grass, flowers and snow and drops them somewhere else. It does not touch stone, wood, or anything you built: a tornado that eats houses is a griefing tool with a weather report attached.
Tsunami. The sea comes inland, floods the shore, carries whatever is floating, and then goes back out. Every block the water covers is written down first and put back when it drains. Nothing is lost. That is the whole reason this is safe to leave switched on.
Meteor shower. Burning rocks come down on a clear night and leave a crater with iron, gold, or occasionally diamond at the bottom. They never land on you: each one picks a spot you can see, some way off.
Hailstorm. Ice that stings anything caught in the open, and a rattle overhead that stops the moment you step under a roof.
Sandstorm. The desert, airborne. It cuts the view down to almost nothing and shoves you off your path. No damage: being unable to see is quite enough. Only happens where there is sand to lift.
Rainbow. The reward for sitting out the rain. It appears on its own when rain stops in daylight, arcing across the sky opposite the sun, where a rainbow actually goes.
HOW IT STARTS
By itself, if you let it. The world rolls occasionally, most rolls come up empty, and a quiet spell follows every event, so weather stays weather instead of becoming a nuisance.
Or on purpose. The new kinds hang off the ordinary weather command, where you will find them by tabbing:
/weather tornado
/weather tsunami 300
There is also a command of its own:
/tempest tornado
/tempest stop
/tempest info
If you change the weather by hand, the mod stands down and leaves the sky alone. /weather clear means clear.
RUNS ON THE SERVER
All of it. The storms are built from particles, sounds and pushes that the game already knows how to show, so a player on an unmodified client sees the whole thing. Nothing to install on the client, and nothing to break when Minecraft rearranges its renderer.
CONFIGURABLE
Every event can be switched off on its own, along with the parts that touch the world: whether a tornado moves blocks, whether it hurts, whether a tsunami floods at all, whether meteors leave craters, whether hail stings, and whether storm lightning can start fires (off by default).

