This is my collection of simple vanilla+ enchantments.

I Recommend DarkhaxDev's Enchantment Descriptions for in-game explanations.

Armor:

Cloaking - Gives entities a period of invisibility after taking damage
Blasting - Attacked entities have a chance to cause a small explosion that damages attackers
Sculk Speed - a boot enchantment that increases the entity's speed when on sculk blocks
Antidote - An enchantment that limits the duration of harmful effects
Poison Guard - A "Thorns" enchantment that inflicts attackers with poison
Wither Protection - Protects against the wither effect and wither mobs
Undeath Protection - Protects against attacks from undead mobs
Aqua Protection - Protects against damage from drowning or guardian attacks
Theft Guard - Offers a degree of protection from theft enchantments, a new enchantment type.
Arachnid's Blessing - allows entity to move through cobwebs
Farmer's Step - prevents farmland from being trampled

ELYTRA

SHIELD

TRIDENT

CROSSBOW

WEAPON

Shulkify - Gives attacked entity levitation
Waterlogged - Deal extra damage to nether-type mobs
Eroding - Damages struck entities over time
Bandit - gives struck entities a chance to drop their weapons when hit. Can be applied on bows and crossbows.
Disrobe - gives struck entities a chance to drop their worn armor when hit. Can be applied on bows and crossbows.
Leveled - deals more damage based on the health of the entity.
Soul Fire Aspect - lights attacked entities on fire.

BOW

MISC

Insurance - Can be applied to any breakable tool. Returns an amount of the tool's material when broken. Incompatible with mending
Sifting - A shovel enchantment. Certain blocks drop extra loot when mined.
Osprey - a spyglass enchantment that highlights nearby mobs when used

CURSES

Magic A Million